| Losses and related expenses (2) |
|
| Loss and loss adjustment expense (LAE) ratio |
70.2% |
| Incurred losses |
59.2 |
| Defense and cost containment expenses incurred |
4.4 |
| Adjusting and other expenses incurred |
6.6 |
| Underwriting expenses (3) |
|
| Expense ratio |
27.8% |
| Net commissions and brokerage expenses incurred |
11.3 |
| Taxes, licenses and fees |
2.4 |
| Other acquisition and field supervision expenses incurred |
7.0 |
| General expenses incurred |
7.1 |
| Dividends to policyholders (2) |
0.9% |
| Combined ratio after dividends (4) |
98.9% |